Basic knowledge of fire retardant

The purpose of fire retardant technology is to make non-flame retardant materials have flame retardant properties, which are not easy to burn or self-extinguishing under certain conditions.

The ways to prevent fire and flame are nothing more than the following:

1. The flame retardant carbonizes the combustible material, so as to achieve the flame retardant effect. This flame retardant effect mainly plays a role in the solid phase, and the flame retardant materials of this category are mainly phosphorus flame retardants (including organic phosphorus and inorganic phosphorus).

2. The flame retardant forms a non-volatile membrane under burning conditions, isolating the air to achieve the purpose of flame retardant. This flame retardant effect mainly works in the liquid phase. The flame retardant materials of this category mainly include borates, halides, antimony oxides and phosphorus materials, or the substances generated by the mutual reflection of these materials.

3. The decomposition products of the flame retardant cut off the chain reaction of hydroxyl radicals to achieve the purpose of flame retardant. This flame retardant effect mainly works in the gas phase. Materials of this class function primarily in the gas phase. Such flame retardant materials are mainly halides and antimony oxides.

4. Dispersion of combustion heat and dilution of combustible substances. Such flame retardant materials are mainly zinc borate, aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide and other substances, mainly due to the decomposition of a large amount of endothermic and the generated non-combustible substances to dilute the flammable gas to achieve the purpose of flame retardant. In general, the flame retardant system should try to use non-toxic, economical and synergistic flame retardant materials.

Commonly used fire retardant systems are: halogen-antimony oxide, phosphorus-nitrogen. However, the more commonly used flame retardant system is mixed and selected, which can ensure the comprehensive flame retardant effect. According to the standard, the fire and flame retardant properties of the product are generally tested by the alcohol burner combustion test or the simulated roadway propane combustion test.